Write explicit, objective rubrics for subjective tasks like speaking and writing interviews to minimize grader bias. Testing the Four Macro Skills
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. This version, co-authored with Jake Hughes, introduces significant updates regarding modern classroom needs, including technology and alternative assessment. Key Features of the New Edition
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For over thirty years, Arthur Hughes' Testing for Language Teachers has been an indispensable resource for educators, establishing itself as the standard text on the subject. The book's main objective is to assist language teachers in writing better tests. Hughes defines a good test as one that contains validity, reliability, practicality, and a positive reaction, and he offers practical, realistic guidance on how to create a good test. Furthermore, the author pays special attention to the effect of testing on teaching—a test should not only be reliable and valid but should also have a positive effect on teaching (achieving positive backwash).
If you are a student or faculty member, check your institution's digital library portal (such as EBSCOhost, ProQuest, or ResearchGate). Most universities provide free, legal PDF access to this textbook.
Reliability refers to the consistency of test results. If a student takes the same test on Monday and Tuesday, their score should be roughly the same. Hughes offers practical strategies to maximize reliability, such as writing unambiguous test items, providing clear administration instructions, and training multiple graders to ensure objective scoring (inter-rater reliability). 3. Practicality Write explicit, objective rubrics for subjective tasks like
You can now access a new, high-quality digital copy of the book. This PDF is fully searchable and compatible with tablets, e-readers, and laptops.
The new edition reflects the rapid technological changes in education. Significant updates include: Technology Integration:
The book is typically divided into theoretical and practical halves: Part 1: Theoretical Foundations:
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Arthur Hughes revolutionized how educators view classroom assessment. Instead of treating tests as mere administrative hurdles, Hughes framed assessment as an interactive tool that can actively improve learning outcomes. His philosophy focuses on creating a symbiotic relationship between teaching and testing. Key Benefits of the Hughes Approach
Why "Testing for Language Teachers" Remains the Gold Standard
In essence, the book demystifies test creation, moving from the "what" and "why" to the crucial "how," making it an indispensable resource for any language teaching professional.